Iyi nama yagombaga kurangira Saa Saba z’amanywa ku Cyumweru nyuma y’iminsi ine y’ibiganiro. Ku wa Gatandatu yarangiye mu masaha y’urukerera rwo ku Cyumweru, nyuma y’aho ibiganiro byari byagoranye kubera uruhande rwari rwafashwe n’u Buhinde, buhanganye n’uruhande rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ku Cyumweru, Brésil yazanye ingingo nshya, yanga kwemera ibitekerezo bya Amerika inama irinda irangira amavugurura yari yitezwe atemejwe. Muri uyu muryango, kugira ngo icyemezo gifatwe, ni uko ibihugu byose uko ari 166 biba byemeranya.

Ingingo ikomeye yateje impaka muri iyi nama, ijyanye no gushyiraho cyangwa gukuraho burundu imisoro ku bucuruzi bwo kuri internet. Kuva mu 1998, muri buri nama ya WTO hongerwagaho imyaka ibiri y’igihe cyo kuba hasubitswe ishyirwaho ry’iyi misoro hakaba ibiganiro.

Kuri iyi nshuro, ibihugu bikize birangajwe imbere na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, byinjiye mu nama bifite igitekerezo cy’uko gusubika iyi misoro imyaka ibiri bivaho, ahubwo bikaba burundu.

Amerika isobanura ko biri mu nyungu z’ibigo bikora ubu bucuruzi kuko gukomeza bibwirwa ko umwanzuro uzafatwa mu myaka ibiri, bituma bidakora igenamigambi rihamye.

Ibindi bihugu bidashyigikiye uyu mwanzuro, bivuga ko guhagarika iri subikwa, ari inyungu kuri byo kuko bizatuma bibasha gukusanya imisoro yabifasha nabyo kubaka urwego rw’ubucuruzi bwo kuri internet bukomeye bikabasha guhangana kuri iri soko rigezweho.

U Rwanda kuri iyi ngingo, ruri hamwe n’ibindi bihugu 79 bya Afurika, Caraibe na Pacifique byibumbiye mu itsinda ryitwa ACP. Byo bishyigikiye ko habaho ibiganiro byimbitse kugira ngo hamenyekanye ingaruka zo kongera igihe cy’imisoro cyangwa kuyikuraho burundu ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’iterambere, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’amafaranga byinjira mu gihugu ndetse n’inyungu z’igihe kirekire ku bukungu.

U Rwanda rushyigikira ko iyi ngingo ikomeza kuganirwaho aho gufata icyemezo gihamye vuba, kandi rugaragaza ko ibibazo by’iterambere bigomba gushyirwa ku isonga mu myanzuro izafatwa.

Brésil na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byananiwe kumvikana

Mu ijoro ryo ku wa Gatandatu, impaka zari zafashe indi ntera hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’u Buhinde. Amerika yashagaka ko gusubika bigumaho burundu, u Buhinde bushaka ko byongerwaho imyaka ibiri gusa.

Ku munsi wa nyuma, kuko ba Minisitiri bari bavuye mu biganiro mu masaha y’urukerera, batangiye kuganira Saa Yine n’igice z’igitondo. Nyuma y’amasaha make, yaje gusubikwa kuko hari hari gushyirwa hamwe ingingo zose zaganiriweho, yongera gusubukurwa Saa Munani.

Byarakomeje inama igera Saa Kumi n’ebyiri itaratangira kubera ibindi biganiro byari bikiri kuba ku zindi ngingo.

Umwe mu badipolomate bitabiriye ibiganiro yabwiye IGIHE Saa Mbili z’Ijoro ati “Turacyategereje gusubukura ibiganiro ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bwo kuri internet”.

Mu masaha y’ijoro nibwo ibiganiro byasubukuwe. Ni mu gihe kuri gahunda inama yari kurangira Saa Saba z’amanywa. Kugeza muri ayo masaha y’ijoro, ibihugu bimwe byari byamaze gutaha.

Nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abayobozi bakuru bayihagarariye bari batashye hamwe n’ibindi bihugu byinshi. Ku rundi ruhande, u Rwanda muri iyi nama rwari ruhagarariwe na Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Prudence Sebahizi, ariko yavuye i Yaoundé ku wa Gatandatu “kubera indi mirimo” yari afite. Abandi bari bagize delegasiyo y’u Rwanda nibo bahagumye.

Ku munsi wa nyuma, Brésil yanze kwemera icyifuzo cya Amerika, ibiganiro birinda bigera mu masaha y’ijoro nta mwanzuro. Brésil yashakaga ko igihe cyo gusubika ishyirwaho ry’iyi misoro kiba imyaka ine gusa aho kuba burundu.

Bivugwa ko byageze aho Amerika isa n’ishaka kwemera ko kongera biba imyaka 10 cyangwa se bikagera mu 2031, ariko Brésil iba ibamba igaragaza ko icyo gihe nacyo ari kirekire.

Byageze aho Umuyobozi Mukuru wa WTO, Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, mu rukerera rwo ku wa Mbere atangaza ko inama irangiye kuko igihe cyagiye.

Ati “Twagombaga kurangiza inama Saa Saba z’amanywa uyu munsi. Ubu ni hafi Saa Sita z’ijoro, wari umunsi muremure kandi ugoye, ndabashimira kwihangana mwagaragaje…ndasaba imbabazi abaminisitiri benshi byabaye ngombwa ko bagenda nubwo twari kwishimira ko tuba turi kumwe mu gusoza iyi nama.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Gusa, nta mwanya tugifite, igihe cyadushiranye. Bamwe bamaze gufata indege, abandi bahinduye amatike y’indege, abandi baragenda mukanya.”

Imisoro izashyirwaho n’ibihugu guhera mu kwezi gutaha

Kunanirwa kumvikana kw’ibihugu niba bakomeza gusubika, bivuze ko igihe cyari gisanzweho cyo gusubika kigomba kurangirana n’uku kwezi.

Ubu guhera mu kwezi gutaha, ibihugu bimwe bishobora gutangira gushyiraho imisoro ku bucuruzi bwo kuri internet n’izindi serivisi.

Ibyo bivuze ko abaguraga ifatabuguzi, bashobora gutangira gucibwa menshi kurushaho. Ibyo birajyana n’ibindi byo guhaha kuri Amazon, kumanura software kuri internet, imikino yo kuri internet, ibijyanye na streaming n’ibindi.

Amerika n’u Bwongereza ntibyishimiye ko inama yarangiye nta mwanzuro, ndetse bamwe mu bahagarariye ibi bihugu babwiye itangazamakuru ko bati “turashishikariza bake bari kwitambika izi mpinduka ko bikwiriye kumenya ibyiza byo kwemeranya mu biganiro”.

Umuyobozi wa WTO yavuze ko hagikenewe umwanya kugira ngo haganirwe mu buryo burambuye ku mavugururwa akwiriye gukorwa muri uyu muryango, ndetse avuga ko ibyaganiriweho i Yaoundé, bigiye gukomeza kwigwaho i Genève ku cyicaro cy’umuryango kugeza inama itaha ibaye mu myaka ibiri.

Guhera ku wa Gatandatu, i Yaoundé hari umwuka wo kwibaza niba hatagomba kongerwa igihe cy’iyi nama nk’uko byagenze mu ziheruka, aho Abaminisitiri bananirwaga kumvikana, hakongerwaho iminsi ibiri, ariko kuri iyi nshuro ntibyakozwe.

Ahanini bishingiye ku kuba guhindura amatike y’indege ku munota wa nyuma bigorana muri Afurika kurusha mu bindi bihugu. Inama ya 12 y’uyu muryango, yongereweho iminsi ibiri kubera impaka zari zabaye ndende.